Scalar Waves/Aharonov-Bohm Effect/A-Vector Potential Bib2Web Index

Y. Aharonov and D. Bohm, "Significance of Electromagnetic Potentials in in the Quantum Theory," The Physical Review, vol. 115, no. 3, Aug. 1959.

Abstract: In this paper, we discuss some interesting properties of the electromagneticpotentials in the quantum domain. We shall show that, contrary to theconclusions of classical mechanics, there exists effects of potentials oncharged particles, even in the region where all the fields (and therefore theforces on the particles) vanish. We shall then discuss possible experiments totest these conclusions; and, finally, we shall suggest further possibledevelopments in the interpretation of the potentials.

Yoseph Imry and Richard A. Webb, "Quantum Interference and the Aharonov-Bohm Effect," Scientific American, vol. 260, no. 4, Apr. 1989.

Abstract: Can electrons be influenced by a nearby magnet so well shieldedthat its force field cannot be detected? The counterintuitive answer is yes:an energy emanation from the magnet known as the potential does indeed affectthe electrons' wave function. This quantum-mechanical effect is being brought tobear on the development of new microelectronic devices.

Capt. Robert M. Collins (TQTR), "Soviet Research On The A-Vector Potential and Scalar Waves (U)," Unknown.

Abstract: Active in the areas of the Aharonov-Bohm effect as applied to the A-vector potential and scalar fields as applied to solving force related problems.

Capt. Robert M. Collins (TQTR), "Soviet Research On Unified Field Theories, False Vacuum States, and Antigravity (U)," Unknown.

Abstract: Theoretical progress in dealing with unified field theories...new concepts in weapons, transportation, propulsion

Dr. Jack Dea, "Fundamental Fields and Phase Information," vol. 4, no. 3Unknown.

K.J. van Vlaenderen, "Electrodynamics with the scalar field," Sep. 2001.

[Note: Here is a update from Nov. 2001 here.]

Abstract: The expressions of the electric and magnetic fields, that can be derived from the Li'enard-Wiechert potentials, are in good agreement with experiments. Surprisingly the Li'enard-Wiechert potentials do not satisfy the Lorenz gauge condition, therefore they cannot be regarded as solutions of the Maxwell equations in the Lorenz gauge, but only as solutions of the inhomogeneous potential wave equations. Therefore, the inhomogeneous potential wave equations should be regarded as a separate set of differential equation that are unconnected with Maxwell's equations. In order to simplify this theory of classical electrodynamics we propose a generalization of Maxwell's equations, such that a gauge of the potentials is unnecessary in order to derive the Lorenz inhomogeneous potential wave equations. This generalization can be described as a conditional current regauge that does not violate the conservation of charge. This has several consequences: - the generalized Maxwell equations also contain scalar field terms. - the prediction of a longitudinal electro-scalar wave (LES wave) in vacuum. - a generalized Lorentz force expression that contains an extra scalar term. - generalized energy and momentum theorems, with an extra power flow term associated with LES waves.

E. T. Whittaker in Cambridge, "On the partial differential equations of mathematical physics," vol. 57, pp. 333-355, Nov. 1903.

Although as much care as possible was taken in its reproduction, no warranty is expressed or implied as to the suitability or accuracy of this document for any purpose whatsoever.

CAVEAT: There are what appear to be errors in the original. Those that are changed are noted here. Spelling and other obvious errors remain as in the original.

On Page 346: The first double integral was missing the 'x' on the 'x sin u cos v' term of the first argument of f().

Frank Lofaro gives the 1903 paper this description: 1903 paper on potentials being composed of harmonic phase-conjugate scalar pairs.

He also gives the 1904 paper this description: 1904 paper on EM waves being composed of two scalars.

You can get the original ETWittaker.zip that has .ps and troff.eqn files.

E. T. Whittaker in Cambridge, "The Electromagnetic Field Due to Electrons by Means of Two Scalar Potential," pp. 367-372, Nov. 1904.

Although as much care as possible was taken in its reproduction, no warranty is expressed or implied as to the suitability or accuracy of this document for any purpose whatsoever.

CAVEAT: There are what appear to be errors in the original. Those that are changed are noted here. Spelling and other obvious errors remain as in the original.

The equation in the middle of page 368 appears to be in error in the original. The "c-square, del-square, a-sub y" term is missing the superscript 2 on the del in the original paper. From looking at the other equations in the group, it seems like it should be squared also.

Concetto R. Giuliano, "Applications of optical phase conjugation," Physics Today, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 27-35, Apr. 1981.

Abstract: Light waves that are, in effect, time-reversed images of their original can serve to restore severely aberrated waves to their original state.

Dr. Harry E. Stockman, "Plasma-diode experiments," Ham Radio, Feb. 1980.

GSC-12645, "Precise Phase Comparator for Nearly Equal Frequencies," NASA Tech Briefs, Fall/Winter 1981, vol. 6, no. 3, Nov. 1981.

Dwight W. Batteau and Peter R. Markey, "Man/Dolphin Communication Final Report," Dec. 1966.

Abstract: Research intended to determine the feasibility of establishing a language, approaching English, between man and dolphin. Neurophone like circuit in Appendix-A.